3-D Technology Saves Lives

3D技术拯救生命

From VOA Learning English, this is the Health Report.

这里是美国之音慢速英语健康报道。

Three-dimensional technology -- known as three-D -- gives depth to objects that would otherwise appear two-dimensional, or flat. Three-D makes movies and video games look more realistic. And now it could help save lives.

3维技术又称3D技术，这种技术给物体提供深度，要不然就只有2维，浅平而缺乏深度。3D技术使得电影和视频游戏显得更加真实，而且现在它还有助于拯救生命。

For years, mammograms have played an important role in finding breast cancer. But these X-ray pictures of the human breast often miss dangerous lumps or tumors.

多年来，乳房X线照片对于发现乳腺癌起到重要作用。但是这些X射线照片经常会遗漏掉危险的肿块或肿瘤。

And they also produce false positives. A false positive wrongly appears to show suspicious tissue. And that causes painful, unnecessary biopsies to examine that tissue.

而且X射线照片也会产生假阳性现象，假阳性会错误的显示可疑的组织，而且会引起疼痛，使病人进行不必要的活组织检查。

A new study shows that three-D technology could change the way doctors look for breast cancer.

最新研究表明3D技术可以改变医生检查发现乳腺癌的方法。

When Zulima Palacio discovered she had breast cancer, it already had reached stage three. That means that the cancer was very dangerous.

当Zulima Palacio发现自己得了乳腺癌时，病情已经发展到第三阶段。这就意味着这个癌症很危险了。

"Even a month before it was detected, I went for a sonogram and they told me, 'You're fine, go home.'"

“甚至在一个月以前都没有检查出来，我去做声波图检查，检查完后他们告诉我，‘你很好，回家吧’”。

Ms. Palacio is now cancer free. But the two-dimensional mammogram missed all three of her tumors.

帕拉西奥女士现在是无癌的，但是这标准的2维乳房X线照片却未检测出她的三个肿瘤。

Many doctors - including cancer surgeon Negar Golesorkhi - say standard mammography does not find enough cancerous tumors. She says looking for cancer in dense, thick breast tissue is like looking for a polar bear in a snowstorm. In other words, it is very difficult.

包括癌症外科大夫Negar Golesorkhi在内的很多医生称，标准的乳房X线照片不能找出足够的恶性肿瘤。Negar Golesorkhi说，在厚的乳腺组织中寻找癌症，就像在暴风雪中寻找北极熊。换句话说就是，非常困难。

"When we look for cancer on a mammogram in dense breast tissue, we’re looking for a polar bear in a snow storm, so it would be very difficult to find."

“当我们利用乳房X线照片在稠密的乳腺组织中寻找癌症，就像在暴风雪中寻找北极熊，那是非常难找的。”

A few years ago, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the use of three-D mammography. And three-D technology found Jennifer Hoeft's tumor.

几年前，美国食品和药物管理局批准了3D乳房X线照片的使用，3D技术发现了Jennifer Hoeft的肿瘤。

“It was a very small tumor. It was only an 8 millimeter tumor that couldn’t be felt.”

“这是一个非常小的肿瘤，一个感觉不到的只有8毫米的肿瘤。”

Sarah Friedewald is a doctor at Lutheran General Hospital in the U.S. state of Illinois. She led a study to compare the results of three-D and two-D mammography from nearly a half million patients.

Sarah Friedewald是美国伊利诺斯州路德综合医院的一名医生。她带头作了一项研究，在50万病人中比较3D乳房X线照片和2D乳房X线照片的功效。

Dr. Friedewald says they found more cancers using three-D mammograms versus, or compared to, two-D mammograms. And they found more cancers that kill.

Friedewald称，他们发现用3D乳房X线照片相比2D乳房X线照片，可以发现更多癌症，而且还发现很多癌症是致命的。

“We found invasive cancers or the cancers that we worry about, the ones that could potentially kill people more frequently in women who had the 3-Dmammogram versus the women who just had the 2-D mammogram. At the same time, fewer people had to come back for unnecessary testing which creates unnecessary anxiety.”

“做3D乳房X线照片的妇女查出来的侵入式癌症或者我们所担心的癌症，相对于那些只做2D乳房X线照片的妇女，更可能会频繁的使人致命。与此同时，做2D乳房X线照片少数人还得再去做不必要的检查，产生不必要的忧虑。”

Dr. Friedewald says tumors that are difficult to see on a standard mammogram are easy to find in 3dimensions.

Dr. Friedewald称肿瘤很难在乳房X线照片上被发现，但是在3D乳房X线照片上却很容易被发现。

Jennifer Hoeft is grateful that she had three-D mammography.

Jennifer Hoeft很庆幸自己做了3D乳房X线照片。

“I truly, truly believe that the 3-D mammography is what caught my cancer early and is allowing me to pretty much live my life the way I want to.”

“我真的坚信3D乳房X线照片很早就发现了我的癌症，这项技术几乎可以让我按自己喜欢的方式生活。”

Dr. Friedewald told VOA that she expects three-D to replace the usual two-D mammograms in time. Her study was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association.

Friedewald告诉美国之音记者，她期待3D乳房X线照片可以很快取代通常的2D乳房X线照片。她的这项研究被发表在《美国医学会》杂志上。

And from VOA Learning English, that’s the Health Report.

I’m Anna Matteo.

这就是今天美国之音慢速英语健康报道的全部内容，我是安娜·马泰奥。

3-D Technology Saves Lives

From VOA Learning English, this is the Health Report.

Three-dimensional technology -- known as three-D -- gives depth to objects that would otherwise appear two-dimensional, or flat. Three-D makes movies and video games look more realistic. And now it could help save lives.

For years, mammograms have played an important role in finding breast cancer. But these X-ray pictures of the human breast often miss dangerous lumps or tumors.

And they also produce false positives. A false positive wrongly appears to show suspicious tissue. And that causes painful, unnecessary biopsies to examine that tissue.

A new study shows that three-D technology could change the way doctors look for breast cancer.

A woman undergoes a mammography exam, a special type of X-ray of the breasts used to detect tumors.

When Zulima Palacio discovered she had breast cancer, it already had reached stage three. That means that the cancer was very dangerous.

"Even a month before it was detected, I went for a sonogram and they told me, 'You're fine, go home.'"

Ms. Palacio is now cancer free. But the standard two-dimensional mammogram missed all three of her tumors.

Many doctors - including cancer surgeon Negar Golesorkhi - say standard mammography does not find enough cancerous tumors. She says looking for cancer in dense, thick breast tissue is like looking for a polar bear in a snowstorm. In other words, it is very difficult.

"When we look for cancer on a mammogram in dense breast tissue, we’re looking for a polar bear in a snow storm, so it would be very difficult to find."

A few years ago, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the use of three-D mammography. And three-D technology found Jennifer Hoeft's tumor.

“It was a very small tumor. It was only an 8 millimeter tumor that couldn’t be felt.”

Sarah Friedewald is a doctor at Lutheran General Hospital in the U.S. state of Illinois. She led a study to compare the results of three-D and two-D mammography from nearly a half million patients.

Dr. Friedewald says they found more cancers using three-D mammograms versus, or compared to, two-D mammograms. And they found more cancers that kill.

“We found invasive cancers or the cancers that we worry about, the ones that could potentially kill people more frequently in women who had the 3-Dmammogram versus the women who just had the 2-D mammogram. At the same time, fewer people had to come back for unnecessary testing which creates unnecessary anxiety.”

Dr. Friedewald says tumors that are difficult to see on a standard mammogram are easy to find in 3dimensions.

Jennifer Hoeft is grateful that she had three-D mammography.

“I truly, truly believe that the 3-D mammography is what caught my cancer early and is allowing me to pretty much live my life the way I want to.”

Dr. Friedewald told VOA that she expects three-D to replace the usual two-D mammograms in time. Her study was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association.

And from VOA Learning English, that’s the Health Report.

I’m Anna Matteo.