Almost everyone suffers from heartburn at one time or another. It is the result of acids in your stomach moving up your esophagus, causing it to "burn." This sensation is usually felt in the chest, but sometimes, it can make the back of your throat burn. You might get heartburn after you eat food that triggers an increase in stomach acid, such as onions, citrus fruits, alcohol, foods high in fat, and caffeinated and carbonated drinks. If you have gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), you might also experience bouts of heartburn (via the Cleveland Clinic).

几乎每个人都曾有过胃灼热的时候。这是胃酸顺着食道移动，导致食道“灼烧”的结果。这种感觉通常在胸部感觉到，但有时，它会使你的喉咙后部有灼烧感。你可能会在吃了引发胃酸增加的食物后感到胃灼热，比如洋葱、柑橘类水果、酒精、高脂肪食物、咖啡因和碳酸饮料。如果你有胃食管反流病(GERD)，你可能还会经历一阵阵的胃灼热。

If you suffer from heartburn, over-the-counter antacids might help. Avoiding certain foods and trying not to eat too much at once are ways to keep it under control. There are plenty of home remedies for getting rid of heartburn, including drinking a glass of milk. Some people claim that it can help, but is there any evidence to back this up?

如果你胃灼热，非处方抗酸药可能会有帮助。避免某些食物，尽量不要一次吃得太多，都是控制症状的途径。有很多家庭治疗方法可以消除胃灼热，包括喝一杯牛奶。有些人声称这会有所帮助，但有证据支持这一点吗?

Milk might relieve heartburn symptoms

牛奶可以缓解胃灼热症状

The reason why milk could help with heartburn has to do with two ingredients: calcium and protein. Calcium carbonate is a common ingredient found in antacids, so this makes sense. One 2019 study published in the Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility looked at over 10,000 people and found that men who increased their calcium intake saw a reduction in heartburn. A smaller study published in the journal Digestive Diseases and Sciences in 2004 suggested that calcium increased movement of the lower esophageal sphincter, which is usually weak in people who suffer from heartburn and other gastrointestinal issues. Protein might also be helpful in reducing heartburn because it stimulates the production of gastrin, which causes the lower esophageal sphincter to contract, triggering the stomach to empty itself (via Healthline).

牛奶有助于缓解胃灼热的原因与两种成分有关：钙和蛋白质。碳酸钙是抗酸剂中的一种常见成分，所以牛奶有助于缓解胃灼热是有道理的。发表在《神经胃肠病学和运动学杂志》上的一项2019年的研究对10000多人进行了调查，发现增加钙摄入量的男性胃灼热症状有所减轻。2004年发表在《消化疾病与科学》杂志上的一项较小的研究表明，钙增加了食管下括约肌的运动，而在胃灼热和其他胃肠道疾病患者中，食管下括约肌的运动通常较弱。蛋白质也可能有助于减少胃灼热，因为它刺激胃泌素的产生，从而导致食管下括约肌收缩，触发胃排空。

However, not all milk is the same. Dr. Ekta Gupta, a gastroenterologist with Johns Hopkins Medicine, told Hopkins Medicine that whole milk might make symptoms worse because of the higher fat content, and reduced-fat milk might be a better option. You don't have to stick with cow's milk, either. Almond milk is thought to be comparable because of its alkaline, but more research is needed (via Healthline). You can always try different types of milk to see which one works for you.

然而，并非所有的牛奶都是一样的。约翰·霍普金斯医学院的胃肠病学专家Ekta Gupta博士告诉霍普金斯医学院，全脂牛奶可能会因为脂肪含量较高而使症状恶化，而低脂牛奶可能是更好的选择。你也不必坚持喝牛奶。杏仁奶因其碱性而被推荐，但目前还需要更多的研究。你可以尝试不同类型的牛奶，看看哪种适合你。