In pet-loving nations such as Australia, nobody likes the idea of dogs churning out litters in squalid conditions or sitting homeless in a shelter.

在澳大利亚等喜爱宠物的国家里，没人喜欢看到狗狗在肮脏的环境里制造垃圾，或者无家可归地呆在收容所里。

Responsible dog owners are therefore strongly encouraged to desex their pets, through programs such as national desexing month and low-cost surgery schemes. In some places in Australia, it is even compulsory.

因此我们强烈鼓励负责任的狗主人给宠物做绝育，可以通过“全国绝育月”和“低成本手术方案”来实现。在澳大利亚一些地方，甚至有强制性要求。

But as we try to limit unwanted dogs, experts estimate there is demand in Australia for nearly half a million new puppies every year.

但因为我们在努力控制意外出生的狗宝宝数量，专家估计澳大利亚每年有近50万只新生狗宝宝的需求。

Many desexed family pets are the ideal parents of the next generation of family companions, having demonstrated their ability to fit in with family life. Yet by desexing as early as possible, we are removing the best source of happy healthy pets from the doggy gene pool.

许多做了绝育的家庭宠物可以成为下一代家庭宠物的理想父母，它们有适应家庭生活的能力，但早早被绝育了，我们就是从狗狗基因库中去掉了最好的幸福健康宠物的基因。

We argue there's room for responsible pet owners and breeders to work together, breeding ideal companion animals and reducing the number of unwanted or unsafe dogs left in shelters.

我们认为负责任的宠物主人和饲养员有合作的空间，培育出理想的陪伴型动物，减少留在收容所的不受欢迎或者危险的狗狗数量。

People want their dogs to suit their family's needs: tall or short, short-coated or non-shedding, couch potato or running buddy. We have created hundreds of breeds to meet these preferences. However, Australian pet-owners most value dogs that are affectionate, friendly, obedient and safe with children.

人们喜欢满足家人需求的狗狗：或高或矮、短毛或不脱毛、肥宅或喜欢锻炼的。我们培育出了数百个品种来满足这些需求。但澳大利亚的宠物主人最看重的是那些有情义、友好、温顺、适合陪孩子的狗狗。

Such dogs are a combination of nature and nurture. Most temperament traits in dogs, including aggression, have a genetic basis. Dogs bred for working roles, such as police work, have physical and behavioural assessments to make sure they can do their jobs well.

这样的狗是先天与后天的结合。狗的大部分性情，如攻击性，都是受基因影响的。为某些工作培育的狗狗，如警犬，要进行身体和行为评估，以确保他们能做好工作。

If we treat being a happy and safe companion as a job, we need to select breeding dogs with the right characteristics to succeed. This begins with carefully selecting parents who also have these traits. Many dogs who would breed perfect family pets are themselves family pets, and owners have years of observation to rely on.

如果我们希望有一个开心安全的狗陪伴，就需要选择特征合适的繁殖犬来满足自己的需求。你要先选择有这些特点的公犬和母犬，很多能繁殖出完美家庭宠物的狗狗本身就是家庭宠物，主人通过多年观察就能发现这一点。