1. ask out

ask sb out尤指为了开始与某人建立恋爱关系请…外出（或吃饭、看电影等），比如：

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She's asked Steve out to the cinema this evening.

她请了史蒂夫今晚出去看电影。

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2. go out

go out就有与某人“谈恋爱”的意思：

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How long have you been going out with him?

你跟他恋爱有多长时间了？

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3. play hard to get

这就是英语里的欲擒故纵啦，尤指恋爱之初“故作冷淡；装出矜持之态”。

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Why won't you call him back? Are you playing hard to get?

你为什么不给他回电话？你是在故作矜持吗？

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4. go steady (with sb)

形容（和某人）保持稳定的恋爱关系。

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She's been going steady with Mike for six months.

她和迈克确定关系已经有6个月了。

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5. stand sb up

stand sb up就是故意对（某人，尤指刚开始相处的恋人）失约，放（某人）的鸽子。

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I don't know if I've been stood up or if she's just late - I'll wait another half hour.

我不知道她是故意放我的鸽子，还是只是迟到了——我会再等半个小时。

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6. leave

这里leave特指结束（与丈夫、妻子或伴侣的）关系并不再同居。

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She left her husband for a younger man.

她离开了她丈夫，和一个年轻男人在一起。

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7. cheat on

cheat意指“欺骗；行骗”，cheat on somebody就指的是“劈腿”。

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Sally doesn't know, but her boyfriend has been cheating on her for a while.

Sally还不知道，但是她男友已经劈腿一阵子了。

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8. break up/ split up

意思是（婚姻）破裂；离婚；分手。

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Jenny and George have broken up.

珍妮和乔治已经分手。

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9. make a/the break

意思是“与…结束关系（尤指不再住在一起）；改变（一贯的行为）”。

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When a relationship ends, it's often best to make a clean/complete break.

结束一段感情最好是彻底一刀两断。

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10. rebound

rebound的意思是“反弹；回弹”，以及“恢复”，引申为“结束一段感情后恢复期间找来的备胎”。另外，on the rebound形容（因失恋而）处于心灰意冷的状态。

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Five months after Nick had left her, she married another man on the rebound.

尼克离开她5个月后，她心灰意冷地嫁给了另外一个男人。

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11. be back together

分分合合也常见，be back together就是复合啦。

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They split up four months ago, but they're back together now.

他们四个月前分手，现在又复合了。

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12. get over

形容从（疾病或令人不快的事）中恢复过来。

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It took her months to get over Michael when he ended the relationship.

迈克尔和她分手了，过了好几个月她才开始忘掉他。