加州法官命令Uber和Lyft考虑所有司机员工

A California judge has ordered Uber and Lyft to reclassify their workers from independent contractors to employees with benefits, a ruling that could be consequential for gig economy workers if it survives the appeals process.

加州一名法官下令Uber和Lyft将其员工从独立合同工重新划分为享受福利的员工。如果该公司能通过上诉程序，这一裁决可能对零工经济的员工产生影响。

Superior Court Judge Ethan Schulman ruled Monday that Lyft and Uber's thousands of contract drivers should be given the same protections and benefits under labor law as other full-time employees of the ride-hailing companies.

美国高等法院法官伊桑·舒尔曼星期一裁定，根据劳动法，Lyft和Uber的数千名合同车司机应与这些打车公司的其他全职员工享有同样的保护和福利。

Schulman said Lyft and Uber only treating tech workers, not drivers, as employees.

舒尔曼表示，Lyft和Uber只把科技工作者而不是司机当作雇员。

"Were this reasoning to be accepted, the rapidly expanding majority of industries that rely heavily on technology could with impunity deprive legions of workers of the basic protections afforded to employees by state labor and employment laws," Schulman wrote.

舒尔曼写道:“如果这个理由被接受，那么大部分高度依赖技术的快速发展的行业就会肆无忌惮地剥夺大批工人享受州劳工和就业法提供给他们的基本保护。”

The judge said Uber and Lyft have refused to comply with a California law passed last year that was supposed to make it harder for companies in the state to hire workers as contractors, so gig economy workers such as drivers for the ride-hailing companies would receive health insurance, workers' compensation and paid sick and family leave. As independent contractors, Uber and Lyft drivers are not provided these benefits.

法官说，Uber和Lyft拒绝遵守去年通过的加利福尼亚州法律，该法律本应使该州的公司更难雇用合同工，因此，像打车公司司机这样的零工经济工人将获得医疗保险、工人赔偿以及带薪病假和探亲假。作为独立合同工，Uber和Lyft司机不享受这些福利。

"It bears emphasis that these harms are not mere abstractions; they represent real harms to real working people," Schulman wrote.

需要强调的是，这些伤害不仅仅是抽象的;他们对真正的劳动人民造成了真正的伤害，”舒尔曼写道。

California Attorney General Xavier Becerra called the judge's preliminary order a victory for drivers.

加州司法部长泽维尔·贝塞拉称法官的初步判决是胜利属于司机们。

"The court has weighed in and agreed: Uber and Lyft need to put a stop to unlawful misclassification of their drivers while our litigation continues," Becerra said in a statement. "Our state and workers shouldn't have to foot the bill when big businesses try to skip out on their responsibilities. We're going to keep working to make sure Uber and Lyft play by the rules."

贝赛拉在一份声明中表示:“法院已经权衡并同意:在我们的诉讼继续进行期间，Uber和Lyft需要停止对其司机的非法错误分类。”他说:“当大企业试图逃避责任时，我们的州和工人不应该为他们买单。我们将继续努力，确保Uber和Lyft遵守规则。”

The judge's order does not take effect for 10 days. Both Uber and Lyft said they plan to appeal.

法官的命令在10天内不会生效。Uber和Lyft都表示他们计划上诉。

"The vast majority of drivers want to work independently, and we've already made significant changes to our app to ensure that remains the case under California law," Uber spokesman Matt Kallman said. "When over 3 million Californians are without a job, our elected leaders should be focused on creating work, not trying to shut down an entire industry during an economic depression."

Uber发言人马特·卡尔曼表示:“绝大多数司机希望独立工作，我们已经对我们的应用程序进行了重大修改，以确保这一情况符合加州法律。”“当超过300万的加州人没有工作时，我们选举出来的领导人应该把重点放在创造就业机会，而不是试图在经济萧条期间关闭整个行业。”

In a statement, Lyft said: "Drivers do not want to be employees, full stop. We'll immediately appeal this ruling and continue to fight for their independence. Ultimately, we believe this issue will be decided by California voters and that they will side with drivers."

Lyft在一份声明中表示:“司机不想成为员工，就这样。我们将立即上诉，并继续为他们的独立而战。最终，我们相信这个问题将由加州选民来决定，他们会站在司机一边。”

After the new state law, known as AB5, was passed, Becerra and city officials in Los Angeles, San Diego and San Francisco sued Uber and Lyft to force the companies to comply.

在被称为AB5的新州法律通过后，贝塞拉和洛杉矶、圣地亚哥和旧金山的市政官员起诉Uber和Lyft，迫使两家公司遵守法律。

Uber and Lyft have asked the court to delay the order until after November when California voters will be asked whether to keep drivers as independent contractors, but Schulman rejected this request.

Uber和Lyft已经请求法院将该命令推迟到11月以后，届时加州选民将被问及是否继续让司机作为独立合同工，但舒尔曼拒绝了这一请求。

"Defendants are not entitled to an indefinite postponement of their day of reckoning," the judge wrote.

“被告无权无限期推迟审判日，”法官写道。

Uber and Lyft, which already have trouble turning a profit, have argued that converting drivers to full-time employees would force the companies to lay off drivers and result in higher prices for passengers.

已经难以盈利的Uber和Lyft认为，将司机转为全职员工将迫使公司裁员，并导致乘客支付更高的价格。