欧洲破坏性热浪来袭

An intense heat wave has settled over Europe, with France setting the highest temperature in recorded history at 45.1 degrees Celsius (113 degrees Fahrenheit.)

一股强烈的热浪席卷欧洲，法国创下有记录以来的最高气温，达到45.1摄氏度(113华氏度)。

Teenagers play volleyball in in a fountain near the Eiffel Tower in Paris. (Photo: KENZO TRIBOUILLARD/AFP/Getty Images)

French officials declared a "red alert" weather warning, another first, and other countries across Europe stepped up precautions, from closing schools to making sure water is provided to the homeless and anyone in need.

法国官员宣布了“红色警报”天气预警，这也是第一次，欧洲其他国家也加强了预防措施，从关闭学校到确保向无家可归者和任何需要帮助的人提供水。

Hitting the 45-degree C mark was historic because it beat a temperature record set in 2003, when a heat wave killed 15,000 people in France. It's the memory of that heat wave that has many governments staying ahead of the crisis and fending off criticism they are being too conservative.

气温达到45摄氏度是具有历史意义的，因为它打破了2003年创下的气温纪录，当时一场热浪在法国造成1.5万人死亡。正是对那次热浪的记忆，让许多国家的政府走在了危机的前面，避免了外界对它们过于保守的批评。

Germany, France, Poland and the Czech Republic have all recorded their highest-ever June temperatures, according to the BBC. Meanwhile, firefighters in Spain are still trying to contain wildfires that have devastated 10,000 acres of Catalonia.

据英国广播公司报道，德国、法国、波兰和捷克共和国6月份的气温都创下了历史最高纪录，与此同时，西班牙消防员仍在努力控制大火，大火已经摧毁了加泰罗尼亚1万英亩的土地。

Because these temperatures are so high above the average, they increase the danger for residents, who aren't used to such soaring heat and aren't prepared for it. People have been advised to drink lots of water, stay out of the sun, and avoid strenuous activity when temperatures are hottest from midday through the afternoon.

因为这些温度高于平均水平，它们增加了居民的危险，他们不习惯这种飙升的温度，也没有做好准备。建议人们多喝水，远离阳光，避免在中午到下午最热的时候进行剧烈活动。

Animal keeper Claudia Beck puts sunblock on a South American tapir at the Serengeti-Park animal park in Hodenhagen, Germany, during a heat wave. (Photo: MOHSSEN ASSANIMOGHADDAM/AFP/Getty Images)

"When it is 105 (degrees Fahrenheit) in Phoenix or Kuwait, it is not nearly as big of a deal as if it is 105 in Chicago or Paris," said CNN senior meteorologist Brandon Millerearlier this week. "But when summer temperatures are routinely in the 70s, like in northern Europe or the West Coast of the U.S., many places do not have air conditioning. This can turn deadly fast if heat waves strike and last for several days."

美国有线电视新闻网资深气象学家布兰登·米勒本周早些时候表示:“凤凰城或科威特的气温达到105华氏度时，其影响远不及芝加哥或巴黎的105华氏度。”但当夏季气温通常在70多度时，比如在北欧或美国西海岸，许多地方没有空调。如果热浪袭击并持续数天，这种情况可能会变得致命。”

Though Europe does experience some heat waves, this one is occurring relatively early in the summer, and it was preceded by an ominous warning from Spanish meteorologist Silvia Laplana that "hell is coming."

尽管欧洲确实经历了一些热浪，但这次的热浪发生在相对较早的夏季，而且在此之前，西班牙气象学家西尔维亚·拉普拉纳发出了不祥的警告，称“地狱即将来临”。

Stefan Rahmstorf of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research told the Associated Press, "monthly heat records all over the globe occur five times as often today as they would in a stable climate."

波茨坦气候影响研究所的斯特凡·拉姆斯托夫告诉美联社，“今天全球每月的高温记录是稳定气候下的5倍。”

He added, "This increase in heat extremes is just as predicted by climate science as a consequence of global warming caused by the increasing greenhouse gases from burning coal, oil and gas."

他补充说，“极端高温的增加正如气候科学预测的那样，是煤炭、石油和天然气燃烧产生的温室气体增加导致全球变暖的结果。”