The EU should explore new arrangements with Turkey as its stalled bid to join the bloc is thrown further into question after a referendum vote gave President Recep Tayyip Erdogan sweeping new powers, Brussels’ enlargement chief said yesterday.

欧盟扩大事务专员约翰内斯•哈恩(Johannes Hahn，上图)昨日表示，欧盟应该探索与土耳其建立新的安排。在修宪公投赋予土耳其总统雷杰普•塔伊普•埃尔多安(Recep Tayyip Erdogan)广泛的新权力后，久拖不决的土耳其入欧努力变得更悬了。

Johannes Hahn, the Austrian commissioner in Brussels, said he was seeking a mandate from member states to find a different approach. His move is the first step in a process that could clear the way for a formal suspension of Turkey’s accession talks and their replacement with a new customs deal.

这位奥地利籍专员表示，他正寻求获得各成员国的授权，以找到一种不同的处理方法。他此番举动将开启一个进程，可能为正式中止土耳其入欧谈判、代之以签署新关税协议扫清道路。

It comes days after Turkish voters narrowly approved a constitutional overhaul to strengthen Mr Erdogan’s grip, a development seen in Brussels as the point of no return for the country’s discredited membership talks.

几天前，土耳其选民以微弱多数通过了一项将强化埃尔多安掌权的宪法改革。在布鲁塞尔眼中，这样的发展意味着土耳其不被看好的入欧谈判从此再无重启之日。

Mr Hahn said there was no time to lose as Brussels embarked on a “fundamental” assessment of its fraught relationship with Turkey amid concern that the new constitution gave Mr Erdogan authoritarian powers and anxiety that he was exploiting last year’s failed coup to clamp down on political opponents.

哈恩称，眼下已经没有时间可以浪费了，由于担心新宪法赋予埃尔多安独裁权力，加上对他利用去年失败的政变打压政治对手感到不安，布鲁塞尔已经着手对欧盟与土耳其之间不太平的关系进行“根本性”评估。

“The current situation is not sustainable, neither for them nor for us,” Mr Hahn said. “We should say OK, let’s clean the table [of] everything we had and look [at] what could be the future kind of co-operation. Elements from things which have already existed might be taken on board.”

“无论是对他们还是对我们来说，当前局势都是不可持续的，”哈恩称，“我们应该说，好的，让我们来理清桌面上的所有东西，看看未来可能的合作形式。现有的种种情况都可能被纳入考虑。”

Turkey is still officially a candidate for EU membership, though it has long been recognised that the country no longer has a meaningful prospect of joining. Mr Hahn said stability and certainty were required in the relationship between Brussels and Ankara, with Turkey’s economy weakening and the country facing “refinancing challenges” this year and in 2018.

目前土耳其仍然是欧盟候选成员国，尽管长期以来人们一直认为，土耳其入欧可能性其实已经不大。哈恩称，在土耳其经济疲软以及今明两年该国面临“再融资挑战”的情况下，布鲁塞尔和安卡拉之间的关系需要稳定和确定下来。

He would seek a mandate from European foreign ministers to explore new arrangements with Ankara to replace the accession process — which can be suspended with approval of a qualified majority of member states — he said.

他表示，将寻求欧盟各国外长的授权，以探索与安卡拉建立新安排来代替入欧谈判进程——在征得成员国特定多数同意的情况下，该进程可以被暂停。

These would centre on a proposed upgrade to the 21-year-old EU customs union with Turkey, which covers industrial goods but not agriculture, services or public procurement. This would reinforce trade links with the country even as the accession process was parked, boosting an economy weakened by months of political turmoil.

新安排可能会以升级欧盟与土耳其有21年历史的关税联盟为核心。该协议覆盖工业产品，但并不包括农业、服务业和公共采购。即便入欧进程被叫停，新的关税联盟也会加强欧盟与土耳其之间的贸易联系，提振该国因数月来的政治动荡而趋于疲软的经济。

EU member states have kept the accession process open to maintain dialogue and influence with Ankara. But Mr Hahn said there had to be a “realistic” and “rational” alternative, as the “artificial debate” over accession had overshadowed their relationship.

欧盟成员国还没有切断土耳其入欧进程，以维持与土耳其的对话，并对其施加影响。但哈恩表示，必须找到一种“现实的”和“合理的”替代选择，因为有关入欧的“模拟辩论”已让双方关系蒙上阴影。

He suggested Turkey could remain in the accession process only if it reversed its slide away from European values. “I am much more in favour [of having] something in place which is a more sustainable long-lasting structure.

他建议，土耳其只有改变背离欧洲价值观的做法，才能留在入欧进程中。“我更加赞同(实施)某种机制，一种更可持续、持久的架构。

“I can’t believe that the country under Erdogan is willing to share any kind of power with anybody, and this is the fundamental concept of the EU. In that respect one has to see what is the [most] suitable kind of co-operation.”

“我不相信埃尔多安领导下的这个国家会愿意与任何人分享任何权力，而权力分享正是欧盟的基本理念。在这方面，我们必须看看(最)适合的合作形式是什么。”

Only Austria has pushed for an outright halt to accession talks, amid concern in Germany and elsewhere that an abrupt break could jeopardise a controversial deal with Ankara that has helped curtail migrant flows into Europe.

只有奥地利提出直接停止土耳其入欧谈判。德国和其他国家都担心，突然中断谈判可能会危及一项与土耳其达成的争议性协议，该协议对遏制移民流入欧洲起到了一定作用。

But diplomats believe Europe is now better placed to confront any increase in migrants and that Mr Erdogan will calculate it is not in his interests to force refugees to leave Turkey.

但外交官们认为，欧洲如今已能更好地应对移民增加，而埃尔多安也会知道强迫难民离开土耳其不符合他的利益。

Ankara’s relations with Europe deteriorated sharply during the constitutional referendum campaign, with Mr Erdogan comparing the Dutch and German governments to Nazis after they refused to allow Turkish ministers to address rallies in their countries in support of the changes.

在土耳其为修宪公投宣传造势期间，荷兰和德国政府拒绝让土耳其一些部长在正在他们国家举行的支持土耳其修宪的集会上发言，埃尔多安因此把这两国政府比作纳粹，这些事情导致土欧关系显著恶化。

EU foreign ministers hold talks in Malta on Friday, at which they will take stock of relations with Mr Erdogan and Turkey’s new constitution, which has been criticised by human rights groups.

本周五，欧盟国家外长将在马耳他举行会谈，讨论与埃尔多安的关系以及土耳其的新宪法。新宪法遭到了人权团体的批评。