05 同样高学历，为何男人比女人挣得多？

在英国，男女间的薪酬差距在过去20年逐渐缩小；但在高知人群中，这一差距仍然十分明显。FT记者试图解释为什么。

Has the UK wage gap between men and women narrowed?

英国男性与女性的薪酬差距在缩小吗？

The gap between men and women's pay has narrowed over the last 20 years.

在过去20年里，男女之间的薪酬差距逐渐缩小。

In 1993, women were paid on an average 28 percent less per hour than a man.

1993年时，女性的时薪平均比男性低28%。

But that had reduced to 18 percent by last year.

这一数据在去年降到了18%。

But this cut short is entirely explained by women becoming more highly educated and by a narrowing wage gap for the least educated.

差距的缩小完全是因为女性受教育程度越来越高，并且教育水平最低的男女人群收入差距不断减小。

If you look among those with A-levels and degrees, the gap between the pay of men and women is exactly the same now as it was 20 years ago.

在拿到A-Level或本科以上学历的英国人中，男女薪酬间的差距就还与20年前一样。

不同教育程度的男女工资差异，1993-2015

GCSEs: General Certificate of Secondary Educations 普通中等教育证

A levels: 普通中等教育证书考试高级水平课程

Degree: 本科学位及以上

Is the pay gap explained by women taking time out to have children?

女性花时间带孩子是薪酬差距的原因吗？

The gap between the pay of men and women does diverge sharply after women have their first child.

男女之间的薪酬差距的确在女性生育了第一个孩子之后迅速拉大。

But new research by the Institute of Fiscal Studies suggests the women are paid 10 percent less on average than men even before the birth of their first child.

但英国财政研究所的数据显示，即便在第一个孩子出生之前，女性的薪酬就比男性平均低了10%。

在第一个孩子出生后，男女收入差距迅速拉大

Why does women's pay fall behind after they have children?

为什么女性有了孩子之后薪酬会落后？

One explanation for the growing pay gap after women have children is that mothers typically take more time off work than fathers, and more likely to work part-time.

女性生育之后薪酬差距增大的一种解释是，母亲通常会比父亲请更多假去带孩子，或者更可能转为兼职。

The lower pay of mothers could therefore reflect they have less experience.

她们收入较低，反映的可能是她们在经验上不如男性。

For high educated women, the penalty to missing a year of work is 4 percent lower pay.

对于高知女性来说，如果花掉一年去带孩子，代价就是薪酬平均降低4%。

The big question is, is this a proper reflection of a lower productivity?

而问题在于，她们的劳动力真的下降了4%吗？