vi. 定语从句中的主谓一致

1. 一般情况下，关系代词作从句主语时，从句谓语动词应和先行词在数上保持一致。

I, who am your friend, will advise you to try it again.

我，作为你的朋友将会建议你再尝试一次。

The river, which runs through London, is called the Thames.

这条河叫泰晤士河，它流经伦敦。

2. 集体名词作先行词，被视作一个整体时，关系代词用which，从句谓语用单数；被视作若干个体的组合时，用who作关系代词，谓语动词用复数；常见的集体名词有：family, audience, class, club, government, union, staff, team, couple, committee, crew, firm, public, orchestra, company等。

He joined the party , which was in power.

他入了党，是个执政党。

He joined the party who were walking before him.

他加入了走在他前面的一群人。

3. 先行词是“one of + 复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用复数。

That is one of the pens that were given to us for study.

那是给我们用来学习的钢笔之一。

如果先行词是“the right/just the/the only/the very/exactly the + one of + 复数名词”时，谓语动词用单数。

He is the only one of the teachers who knows Japanese in our school.

他是我们学校唯一懂日语的老师。

He is one of the teachers who know Japanese in our school.

他是我们学校中懂日语的老师之一。

4. 强调句型中，形式主语it后总是用单数is/was；强调主语时，从句谓语动词与被强调主语部分的数保持一致。

It is they who have done the job.

是他们做了这项工作。

It is I who am a teacher.

是我是老师。

It may be Tom who has known about the accident.

可能是汤姆已经知道了这个事故。

It should be the students that are the main body of the classroom teaching.

课堂教学的主体应该是学生。

专项练习

1. She is the only one of the students who _______ praised.

A. were

B. was

C. has

D. have been

2. He is the only one of the brightest students who _______ from New York University.

A. is graduated

B. have graduated

C. has graduated

D. are graduated

3. Here is a message of importance to every man and woman who _______.

A. votes

B. vote

C. have voted

D. is voted

4. He is one of the speakers who _______ ideas perfectly clear.

A. make his

B. makes his

C. make their

D. make one's

5. Each one of us who _______ now living in this city is destined to witness the remarkable Olympic Games.

A. is

B. were

C. has been

D. are

6. Those who have applied for the post _______ in the office.

A. are being interviewed

B. will interviewed

C. are interviewed

D. to be interviewed

7. It is not I but Mr. Green who _______ charge of the company.

A. is

B. am

C. are

D. will

8. I, who _______ your sincere friend, have never doubted the reason _______ you were late for my birthday party.

A. is; why

B. am; which

C. am; why

D. used to; which

9. Mr. Brown is the only one of our regular customers who _______ to pay in cash.

A. like

B. has liked

C. likes

D. is liked

10. The museum he paid a visit _______ at the end of the street.

A. is standing

B. lies

C. to stands

D. why

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