v. 分词作状语

1. 分词作时间状语相当于when引导的时间状语从句；on doing sth. = as soon as。

Hearing the news , they immediately set off for Shanghai.

一听到这个消息，他们马上动身去上海了。

When (he was) asked , he kept silent.

当被问到时，他沉默不语。

Seen from the hill top , our school looks more beautiful.

从山顶望去，我们的学校更美了。

When leaving the airport , they waved again and again.

当离开飞机场时，他们再三挥手。

On entering the room , she found the man lying on the floor, dead.

一进房间，她就发现那男子躺在地板上死了。

On arriving in the city , he went to the hotel.

一到市内他就去了宾馆。

2. 分词作原因状语相当于as, since, because引导的原因状语从句。

Being ill , he didn't come to school today.

由于生病，他今天没能来上学。

(As he was) Not accepted by her parents , he felt discouraged.

由于没有被她的父母接受，他很泄气。

There being nothing to do , she went home.

由于无事可做，她回家了。

Not having received her letter , I decided to write her again.

因为没有收到她的来信，我决定再向她写一封信。

Born into a poor family , he couldn't go to university.

由于生在一个贫穷家庭，他没有能上大学。

3. 分词作方式或伴随状语不能用状语从句替换，但是可以改写成并列句。

He walked down the hill, singing softly to himself . (=　and sang softly to himself).

他轻柔地唱着向山下走。

He hurried to the hall, followed by two guards. (＝　and was followed by two guards).

他匆忙向大厅走去，后面跟着两个卫兵。

4. 分词作条件状语相当于if, unless等引导的从句。常见的引导条件状语的分词有given, supposing, considering, provided, compared with等。

Turning to the right （=　If you turn ...）, you will find the way to the railway station.

向右拐，你就会找到去火车站的路。

Given another chance (=If I am ...） , I'll do it much better.

若再给一次机会，我就能做得更好。

5. 分词作结果状语相当于so that引导的结果状语从句。分词前常有副词thus, thereby, only等。

The old scientist died all of a sudden, leaving his research unfinished .

那位老科学家突然去世，留下他的研究没有完成。

He turned off the lamp, (thus) seeing nothing .

他关了灯，什么也看不到了。

She hurried to the station, only finding the train still there .

她匆忙赶到火车站，发现火车还在那里。

试比较：

She hurried to the station, only to find the train had left .

她匆忙赶到火车站，却发现火车已经走了。

6. 分词作让步状语相当于though或者even if等引导的让步状语从句。

Wounded (=　Though he was wounded), the brave soldier continued to fight.

尽管受伤，那位勇敢的士兵仍然继续战斗。

Admitting her excuse　(=　Even if I admit her excuse), I still think that she hasn't tried her best.

尽管接受了她的借口，我仍然认为她并没有尽力。

7. 现在分词常跟在go, come以及sit, stand等动词后作状语表示伴随或目的。

They often go shopping at weekends.

他们经常周末去购物。

He came running to help the people in trouble.

他跑着来帮助那些处于困境中的人们。

We sat telling stories to the children.

我们坐着给孩子们讲故事。

专项练习

1. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _______ a look at the sports star.

A. had

B. having

C. to have

D. have

2. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, _______ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.

A. taking

B. taken

C. having taken

D. having been taken

3. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week _______ TV.

A. to watch

B. to watching

C. watching

D. watch

4. Though _______ money, his parents managed to send him to university.

A. lacked

B. lacking of

C. lacking

D. lacked in

5. Finding her car stolen, _______.

A. a policeman was asked to help

B. the area was searched thoroughly

C. it was looked for everywhere

D. she hurried to a policeman for help

6. He sent an e-mail, _______ to get further information.

A. hoped

B. hoping

C. to hope

D. hope

7. _______ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.

A. Being founded

B. It was founded

C. Founded

D. Founding

8. _______ his party to power for the fourth time, he becomes famous among Western leaders.

A. Lead

B. Leading

C. Have led

D. Having led

9. _______ his mother, the little boy stopped crying.

A. Seeing

B. Saw

C. Seen

D. See

答案速查　1-5　CACCD　6—9　BCDA